Formal statements defining professionalism have been abstract and principle based, without a clear description of what professional behaviors look like in practice. This article proposes a behavioral and systems view of professionalism that provides a practical approach for physicians and the organizations

in which they work. A more behaviorally oriented definition makes the pursuit of professionalism in daily practice more accessible and attainable. Professionalism needs to evolve from being conceptualized as an innate character trait or virtue to sophisticated competencies that can and must be taught and refined over a lifetime of practice. Furthermore, professional behaviors are profoundly influenced by the organizational and environmental context of contemporary medical practice,

and these external IPI-145 manufacturer NU7441 inhibitor forces need to be harnessed to support-not inhibit-professionalism in practice. This perspective on professionalism provides an opportunity to improve the delivery of health care through education and system-level reform. JAMA. 2010;304(24):2732-2737 www.jama.com”
“Background: Medication compliance and persistence are important determinants of clinical Outcomes. With the application of evidence-based therapy, it Is increasingly important to ensure that studies that use compliance or persistence as a primary or secondary outcome are designed suitably and employ appropriate analyses to support the inferences made.\n\nObjective: The aim of this work was to describe the designs of medication compliance/persistence studies and provide guidance on appropriate analyses, with the ultimate goal of helping health providers and payers of health care understand the impact of compliance and persistence on health Outcomes.\n\nMethods: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and all EBM Reviews databases were searched to locate key research articles about prospective medication compliance and persistence studies. Articles published between 1978 and 2008 were Included In the search. Inclusion criteria included

a focus Oil medication compliance and persistence, and prospective research ARN-509 designs. Articles that largely focused on retrospective study designs or were based on opinion rather than evidence were excluded.\n\nResults: A systematic framework was developed that comprised a prospective checklist and a quantitative tool to assess the quality Of Studies. The key elements of the checklist included the following: title and abstract, introduction or background, objectives, methods and study design, statistical analysis and results, discussion, Conclusions, and disclosure of conflicts of interest. For each element, examples are provided to help readers make an informed decision about the design, value, and quality of a particular prospective study.